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C is a computer programming language. That means that you can use C to create lists of instructions for a computer to follow. C is one of thousands of programming languages currently in use. C has been around for several decades and has won widespread acceptance because it gives programmers maximum control and efficiency. C is an easy language to learn. It is a bit more cryptic in its style than some other languages, but you get beyond that fairly quickly.

C is what is called a compiled language. This means that once you write your C program, you must run it through a C compiler to turn your program into an executable that the computer can run (execute). The C program is the human-readable form, while the executable that comes out of the compiler is the machine-readable and executable form. What this means is that to write and run a C program, you must have access to a C compiler. If you are using a UNIX machine (for example, if you are writing CGI scripts in C on your host's UNIX computer, or if you are a student working on a lab's UNIX machine), the C compiler is available for free. It is called either "cc" or "gcc" and is available on the command line. If you are a student, then the school will likely provide you with a compiler -- find out what the school is using and learn about it. If you are working at home on a Windows machine, you are going to need to download a free C compiler or purchase a commercial compiler. A widely used commercial compiler is Microsoft's Visual C++ environment (it compiles both C and C++ programs). Unfortunately, this program costs several hundred dollars. If you do not have hundreds of dollars to spend on a commercial compiler, then you can use one of the free compilers available on the Web. See http://delorie.com/djgpp/ as a starting point in your search.

We will start at the beginning with an extremely simple C program and build up from there. I will assume that you are using the UNIX command line and gcc as your environment for these examples; if you are not, all of the code will still work fine -- you will simply need to understand and use whatever compiler you have available.

Let's get started!

One of the Most Recommended Programming Books of All Time

"It is hard for me to describe just how profoundly that book affected my career. I remember reading it by a campfire in my back yard—my original still smells of smoke—puzzling over the code, and standing to cheer for the concepts. The simple elegance of the writing; the pragmatic outlook of the authors; the sheer beauty of the language thrilled me as no language had before—or has since."

Robert "Uncle Bob" Martin, author of Clean Code.

"K&R is one of my favorite books. The style of the tutorial chapters is so deceptively light and simple and the manual so crisp. Much of C's reputation of simplicity comes from the clarity and great little examples from this book. My 1978 copy has lost its cover and my K&R2 is somewhat dog eared. Above all, K&R is a useful book."

Bjarne Stroustrup, designer and original implementer of C++, and author of The C++ Programming Language

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Cprogramming.com covers both C and C++ in-depth, with both beginner-friendly tutorials, more advanced articles, and the book Jumping into C++, which is a highly reviewed, friendly introduction to C++.

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About C Programming

• Procedural Language - Instructions in a C program are executed step by step.
• Portable - You can move C programs from one platform to another, and run it without any or minimal changes.
• Speed - C programming is faster than most programming languages like Java, Python, etc.
• General Purpose - C programming can be used to develop operating systems, embedded systems, databases, and so on.

• C helps you to understand the internal architecture of a computer, how computer stores and retrieves information.
• After learning C, it will be much easier to learn other programming languages like Java, Python, etc.
• Opportunity to work on open source projects. Some of the largest open-source projects such as Linux kernel, Python interpreter, SQLite database, etc. are written in C programming.

How to learn C Programming?

• C tutorial from Programiz - We provide step by step C tutorials, examples, and references. Get started with C.
• Official C documentation - Might be hard to follow and understand for beginners. Visit official C Programming documentation.
• Write a lot of C programming code - The only way you can learn programming is by writing a lot of code.

C Resources

• Interactive C Course
• What is C Programming?
• C Programming Examples
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