Can we plot 3d graph in python?

Question

Note

Table of Contents Show

⏱ Quick start
⚠️ Mind the 3d
Three-dimensional scatterplots with Matplotlib
Surface plot with Matplotlib
Three dimensional plot and animation
How do you plot a 3D graph in Python?
Can Matplotlib do 3D plots?
How do you plot a XYZ plot in Python?
How do you plot a 3D histogram in Python?
How do you display 3D images in Python?

Click here to download the full example code

Demonstrates plotting a 3D surface colored with the coolwarm colormap. The surface is made opaque by using antialiased=False.

Also demonstrates using the LinearLocator and custom formatting for the z axis tick labels.

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
from matplotlib import cm
from matplotlib.ticker import LinearLocator
import numpy as np

fig, ax = plt.subplots(subplot_kw={"projection": "3d"})

# Make data.
X = np.arange(-5, 5, 0.25)
Y = np.arange(-5, 5, 0.25)
X, Y = np.meshgrid(X, Y)
R = np.sqrt(X**2 + Y**2)
Z = np.sin(R)

# Plot the surface.
surf = ax.plot_surface(X, Y, Z, cmap=cm.coolwarm,
                       linewidth=0, antialiased=False)

# Customize the z axis.
ax.set_zlim(-1.01, 1.01)
ax.zaxis.set_major_locator(LinearLocator(10))
# A StrMethodFormatter is used automatically
ax.zaxis.set_major_formatter('{x:.02f}')

# Add a color bar which maps values to colors.
fig.colorbar(surf, shrink=0.5, aspect=5)

plt.show()

Gallery generated by Sphinx-Gallery

Python allows to build 3D charts thanks to the mplot3d toolkit of the matplotlib library. However, please note that 3d charts are most often a bad practice. This section focuses on 3d scatter plots and surface plots that are some interesting use cases.

⏱ Quick start

The mplot3d toolkit of matplotlib is used here.

The projection parameter of the add_subplot() function is set to 3d
The usual scatter() function can now be called with 3 data inputs for the X, Y and Z axis
The camera position can be set thanks to the view_init() function

# libraries
from mpl_toolkits.mplot3d import Axes3D
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import numpy as np
import pandas as pd

# Dataset
df=pd.DataFrame({'X': range(1,101), 'Y': np.random.randn(100)*15+range(1,101), 'Z': (np.random.randn(100)*15+range(1,101))*2 })

# plot
fig = plt.figure()
ax = fig.add_subplot(111, projection='3d')
ax.scatter(df['X'], df['Y'], df['Z'], c='skyblue', s=60)
ax.view_init(30, 185)
plt.show()

⚠️ Mind the 3d

Three dimensional objects are very popular but negatively affect the accuracy and speed at which one can interpret a graphic in most cases.

In the example below, the brown section in front looks much bigger than the pink section in the back, even tough their real values are 30% vs 35%. Data is distorted.

Note: remember pie charts should be avoided most of the time

Three-dimensional scatterplots with Matplotlib

As described in the quick start section above, a three dimensional can be built with python thanks to themplot3d toolkit of matplotlib. The example below will guide you through its usage to get this figure:

This technique is useful to visualize the result of a PCA (Principal Component Analysis). The following example explains how to run a PCA with python and check its result with a 3d scatterplot:

Surface plot with Matplotlib

A surface plot considers the X and Y coordinates as latitude and longitude, and Z as the altitude. It represents the dataset as a surface by interpolating positions between data points.

This kind of chart can also be done thanks to the mplot3d toolkit of matplotlib. The posts linked below explain how to use and customize the trisurf() function that is used for surface plots.

Three dimensional plot and animation

You can build an animation from a 3d chart by changing the camera position at each iteration of a loop. The example below explains how to do it for a surface plot but visit the animation section for more.

How do you plot a 3D graph in Python?

Plot a single point in a 3D space.

Step 1: Import the libraries. import matplotlib.pyplot as plt from mpl_toolkits.mplot3d import Axes3D. ... .

Step 2: Create figure and axes. fig = plt.figure(figsize=(4,4)) ax = fig.add_subplot(111, projection='3d') ... .

Step 3: Plot the point..

Can Matplotlib do 3D plots?

In order to plot 3D figures use matplotlib, we need to import the mplot3d toolkit, which adds the simple 3D plotting capabilities to matplotlib. Once we imported the mplot3d toolkit, we could create 3D axes and add data to the axes.

How do you plot a XYZ plot in Python?

“matplotlib xyz plot” Code Answer.

from mpl_toolkits. mplot3d import Axes3D..

import matplotlib. pyplot as plt..

fig = plt. figure().

ax = fig. add_subplot(111, projection='3d').

How do you plot a 3D histogram in Python?

MatPlotLib with Python Set the figure size and adjust the padding between and around the subplots. Create a new figure or activate an existing figure using figure() method. Add an axes to the cureent figure as a subplot arrangement. Create x3, y3 and z3 data points using numpy.

How do you display 3D images in Python?

In this example, we use numpy. linspace() that creates an array of 10 linearly placed elements between -1 and 5, both inclusive after that the mesh grid function returns two 2-dimensional arrays, After that in order to visualize an image of 3D wireframe we require passing coordinates of X, Y, Z, color(optional).

kode python Matplotlib code Plot 3d Pandas Plot scatter Python Matplotlib tutorial Matplotlib Pyplot