Apa itu method di php?

Question

Methods are used to perform actions.

Table of Contents Show

How to declare a method?
How to call a method?
Changing a property value using methods
Description
Return Values
Apa itu method dalam PHP?
Apa itu method dalam pemrograman?
Jelaskan apa yang dimaksud dengan method?
Apa itu properti dan method?

In Object Oriented Programming in PHP, methods are functions inside classes. Their declaration and behavior are almost similar to normal functions, except their special uses inside the class.

Let's remind the role of a function.

First, we declare the function
Then we call it (Optionally we can send arguments into the function)
Some process is done inside the function
Then we return something from the function (Optional)

How to declare a method?

Let's declare a method inside a class named Example class to echo out a simple string that we give.


<?php
class Example {
	public function echo($string) {
		echo $string;
	}
}

We use the public keyword to make the method available inside and outside the class. You will learn more about this in the visibility chapter.

How to call a method?


$example = new Example();
$example -> echo('Hello World');

Result: Hello World

Explained:

First, we create an object ($example) from the class Example
Next, we call the method echo with -> (object operator) and () (parentheses)
The parentheses contain the arguments as usual

The thing you need to understand is that we call methods on objects, not classes.

Changing a property value using methods

Let's implement the things we learned in the above example to our House class. Now we are going to change the color of the house. For ease, all the properties are removed from the House class, except $primaryColor.

By default the color of the house is black. We need to change it to another one.


<?php
class House {
	public $primaryColor = 'black';
	public function changeColor($color) {
		$this -> primaryColor = $color;
	}	
}

// creates an object from the class
$myHouse = new House();

# black (default value)
echo $myHouse -> primaryColor;

// change the color of the house
$myHouse -> changeColor('white');
	
# white
echo $myHouse -> primaryColor;

Run Example ››

In this example, we have used $this keyword. The next chapter describes more about it.

(PHP 4, PHP 5, PHP 7, PHP 8)

get_class_methods — Gets the class methods' names

Description

get_class_methods(object|string $object_or_class): array

Parameters

object_or_class

The class name or an object instance

Return Values

Returns an array of method names defined for the class specified by object_or_class.

Changelog

Version	Description
8.0.0	The `object_or_class` parameter now only accepts objects or valid class names.

Examples

Example #1 get_class_methods() example

<?phpclass myclass { // constructor function __construct() { return(true); }// method 1 function myfunc1() { return(true); }// method 2 function myfunc2() { return(true); } }$class_methods = get_class_methods('myclass'); // or $class_methods = get_class_methods(new myclass());

foreach (

$class_methods as $method_name) {
    echo "$method_name\n";
}?>

The above example will output:

__construct
myfunc1
myfunc2

publicMethod()
    {            }
    public function __construct()
    {
        echo '$this:';
        var_dump(get_class_methods($this));
        echo 'C (inside class):';
        var_dump(get_class_methods('C'));
    }
}
$c = new C;
echo '$c:';
var_dump(get_class_methods($c));
echo 'C (outside class):';
var_dump(get_class_methods('C'));
?>

Output:
$this:
array
  0 => string 'privateMethod' (length=13)
  1 => string 'publicMethod' (length=12)
  2 => string '__construct' (length=11)
C (inside class):
array
  0 => string 'privateMethod' (length=13)
  1 => string 'publicMethod' (length=12)
  2 => string '__construct' (length=11)
$c:
array
  0 => string 'publicMethod' (length=12)
  1 => string '__construct' (length=11)
C (outside class):
array
  0 => string 'publicMethod' (length=12)
  1 => string '__construct' (length=11)

gk at proliberty dot com ¶

19 years ago

It is important to note that get_class_methods($class) returns not only methods defined by $class but also the inherited methods.

There does not appear to be any PHP function to determine which methods are inherited and which are defined explicitly by a class.

matt at zevi dot net ¶

20 years ago

Win32 only:

It's probably worth noting here that you can't get the methods of an object created by the built-in 'COM' class. ie - this won't work:

$word = new COM('Word.Application'); $methods = get_class_methods(get_class($word)); print_r($methods);

Matt

jazepstein at greenash dot net dot au ¶

16 years ago

In PHP4, this function converts its return values to lowercase; but in PHP5, it leaves the return values in their original case. This can cause serious problems when trying to write code that dynamically calls a class method, and that works in both PHP4 and PHP5. This code snippet shows one way of achieving compatibility with both versions:

<?php // Example variables - these would be dynamic in a real application. $className = 'SomeClass'; $methodName= 'someMethod'; $args = array('arg1', 'arg2');// Use array_map() and strtolower() to make all values returned by get_class_methods() lowercase. PHP4 does this anyway - now it will happen regardless of the PHP version being used. $classMethods = array_map(strtolower, get_class_methods($className));// in_array() can only handle being given an array. if (!$classMethods) { $classMethods = array(); }

if (

in_array(strtolower($methodName), $classMethods)) {
  // call some method
  return call_user_func_array(array($className, $methodName), $args);
}
?>

onesimus at cox dot net ¶

18 years ago

This function will return only the methods for the object you indicate. It will strip out the inherited methods.

function get_this_class_methods($class){ $array1 = get_class_methods($class); if($parent_class = get_parent_class($class)){ $array2 = get_class_methods($parent_class); $array3 = array_diff($array1, $array2); }else{ $array3 = $array1; } return($array3); }

polarglow06 at gmail dot com ¶

6 years ago

I have created a very simple test runner using this function

now you just need to write your test class with tegst methods prefixed by 'test', and then just instantiate object of that test class of your, all those tests methods will get run automatically The drawback is: your test methods must not accept any arguments

an example: require '../autoload.php'; register_autoload_paths(realpath('./'));

class Test_Test extends Tester { function test_something() { print("method got executed"); } function testAnotherThing() { print("another test method"); } }

$Test = new Test_Test();

Oli Filth ¶

17 years ago

As an extension to onesimus's code below for finding inherited methods, in PHP 5 you can use the Reflection API to find which of these are overriden.

e.g.

<?php function get_overriden_methods($class) { $rClass = new ReflectionClass($class); $array = NULL;

foreach (

$rClass->getMethods() as $rMethod)
    {
        try
        {
            // attempt to find method in parent class
            new ReflectionMethod($rClass->getParentClass()->getName(),
                                $rMethod->getName());
            // check whether method is explicitly defined in this class
            if ($rMethod->getDeclaringClass()->getName()
                == $rClass->getName())
            {
                // if so, then it is overriden, so add to array
                $array[] .=  $rMethod->getName();
            }
        }
        catch (exception $e)
        {    /* was not in parent class! */    }
    }        return $array;
}
?>

kabatak ¶

17 years ago

In PHP4, if you need to get_class_methods in their original case. You can use this simple function I created.

// Note: this function assumes that you only have 1 class in 1 file

$file = "path/to/myclass.php"

function file_get_class_methods ($file) { $arr = file($file); foreach ($arr as $line) { if (ereg ('function ([_A-Za-z0-9]+)', $line, $regs)) $arr_methods[] = $regs[1]; } return $arr_methods; }

php at stock-consulting dot com ¶

15 years ago

Note that this function will answer both class AND instance methods ("class methods" are called "static" in PHP). Sort of a little "trap" for people who have in-depth experience with the OO terminology :-)

aldo at cerca dot com ¶

20 years ago

If you use "get_class_methods" to check if a Method is in a Class remember that the function return lowered name of class methods:

class classPippo { function DummyFunct() { // Do nothing... } }

$aClassMethods = get_class_methods(classPippo);

$sMethodName = 'DummyFunct';

// This not work...

if (in_array($sMethodName, $aClassMethods)) classPippo::DummyFunct();

// This work...

if (in_array(strtolower($sMethodName), $aClassMethods)) classPippo::DummyFunct();

BoD ¶

16 years ago

!Concerning PHP5 Only!

If you want to get all methods/functions from a class you can do this with the get_class_methods function. <?php $arrMethodNames = get_class_methods ( $ClassNameOrObject); ?> However the drawback on this function in PHP5 is that you will NOT receive protected and private methods of a class/object if you are calling the method from another class/object context.

If you want to receive all methods of a given Class in another Class you should use the PHP5 Reflection API. The following source allows to retrieve all methods from a derived class in its (abstract) Base Class.

In the example you need to call the base constructor from the derived classes constructor in order to let the base class know the name of the derived class. Use the "__CLASS__" definition for passing the classname of current class to its base class.

<?php// Base Class - Abstract abstract class A {// Array of ReflectionMethod Objects // is being set upon instanciation // derived Classes don't need to know about this array private $arrMethods;// Constructor which MUST be called from derived Class Constructor protected function __construct ( $strDerivedClassName ) { $oRefl = new ReflectionClass ( $strDerivedClassName ); if ( is_object($oRefl) ) { $this->arrMethods = $oRefl->getMethods(); } }// Some abstract function abstract protected function D ();// Some private function private function E() { }// method to print all class/object methods // must be callable from derived classes // can be protected if only for internal class use public function PrintAllMethods () { foreach ( $this->arrMethods as $curReflectionMethod ) { echo $curReflectionMethod->getName()."<br>"; } } }// Derived Class class B extends A {// Constructor for this class // MUST call Base Constructor public function __construct () { // Call Base Constructor parent::__construct(__CLASS__); }// Some public function public function A () { }// some protected function protected function B () { }// some private function private function C() { }// some abstract method from base class implemented protected function D () { } }// Create new B Object $b = new B(); // Print all Methods of this Object/Class $b->PrintAllMethods(); ?> In this example output will be:

__construct A B C D E PrintAllMethods

As you can see these are all methods from class B and also all methods from Class A respectivly in order of their declaration. Note that only one method "__construct" and only one method "D" are being shown. This is due to overloading (__construct) and implementing (D) in PHP.

In this example any further method-handling methods should be implemented in the base class as these will be available in derived classes as well. Just make sure that you use the right access specifiers for these additional methods ( private, protected, public )

BoD

epowell at removethis dot visi dot com ¶

17 years ago

I've figured out how to get around my issue described below, using the Reflection API.

<? /* Pass the name of the class, not a declared handler */ function get_public_methods($className) { /* Init the return array */ $returnArray = array();

/* Iterate through each method in the class */ foreach (get_class_methods($className) as $method) {

/* Get a reflection object for the class method */ $reflect = new ReflectionMethod($className, $method);

/* For private, use isPrivate(). For protected, use isProtected() */ /* See the Reflection API documentation for more definitions */ if($reflect->isPublic()) { /* The method is one we're looking for, push it onto the return array */ array_push($returnArray,$method); } }

/* return the array to the caller */ return $returnArray; } ?>

iarias at loyalia dot es ¶

4 years ago

If you only need the methods declared by the class, and not the parent classes ones, you can do something like:

$declared_methods = array_diff(get_class_methods($class), get_class_methods(get_parent_class($class)));

Apa itu method dalam PHP?

Mudahnya method adalah function yang berada di dalam suatu class. Ketika membuat function di luar class maka disebut function, namun ketika membuat function di dalam class maka disebut method. Semua sifat-sifat function bisa diterapkan ke dalam method, seperti parameter, mengembalikan nilai, dan lain-lain.

Apa itu method dalam pemrograman?

Apa itu Method dalam pemrograman? Jawabannya adalah kumpulan program dengan nama mereka sendiri. Method sering disebut juga dengan prosedur atau fungsi.

Jelaskan apa yang dimaksud dengan method?

Method adalah kumpulan program yang mempunyai nama. Method merupakan sarana bagi programmer untuk memecah program menjadi bagian-bagian yang kecil agar jadi lebih kompleks sehingga dapat di gunakan berulang-ulang.

Apa itu properti dan method?

Property itu seperti sebuah tempat untuk menyimpan data, namun di dalam sebuah object. Sedangkan method adalah tempat untuk menjalankan sebuah logika, lebih sering disebut sebagai function.

kode php Method adalah Function CRUD PHP